When it comes to raising healthy and productive dairy calves, starter feed plays a critical role. But does the physical form of the feed—textured or pelleted—make a difference? We published a recent study in Animal that investigated this question, comparing the effects of textured starter feed (TSF) and pelleted starter feed (PSF) on the intake, performance, and health of young Holstein calves. The findings provide valuable insights for dairy farmers looking to optimize early calf nutrition.
What the Study Found
We evaluated 24 Holstein heifer calves, assigning them to either TSF (a mix of pelleted ingredients and whole-kernel corn) or PSF (fully pelleted feed). Both feeds had identical nutrient compositions, ensuring that any differences observed were due to their physical form rather than nutritional content.
The results showed no significant differences in feed intake, growth performance, or body weight between the two groups. However, calves fed TSF exhibited better health outcomes, with lower incidences of abnormal behavior, fewer respiratory issues, and better fecal consistency. In contrast, calves on PSF showed higher scores for respiratory disease and looser feces, indicating potential digestive challenges.
Why Textured Feed May Be Beneficial
One of the key observations from the study was that calves fed TSF sorted against smaller feed particles, whereas PSF-fed calves tended to consume more of these fine particles. This difference in sorting behavior could influence digestion and gut health. Larger particles in TSF may help stimulate rumen development and promote better overall gastrointestinal health, potentially explaining the improved health scores in TSF-fed calves.
What This Means for Dairy Farmers
While this study suggests that TSF may provide some health benefits, the decision to use textured or pelleted feed should also consider labor, feed consistency, and farm management practices. Pelleted feed is often easier to store and handle, reducing waste and ensuring uniform intake. On the other hand, textured feed may promote better gut health and reduce certain health issues.
It’s also worth noting that previous research has shown mixed results, with some studies finding no significant differences between the two feed types. This suggests that the best choice depends on individual farm conditions, calf management practices, and labor availability.
The Bottom Line
For dairy farmers aiming to improve calf health, TSF may offer advantages over PSF, particularly in reducing respiratory and digestive issues. However, both feed types can be effective when managed correctly. The key is to choose a feeding strategy that aligns with your farm’s operations and calf-rearing goals.
Would you like to know more? Check out https://doi.org/10.1016/j.animal.2024.101400
— Marcos Marcondes